Wissenschaftsecho » Verjüngung der Zellkraftwerke durch Reprogrammierung

Verjüngung der Zellkraftwerke durch Reprogrammierung

Menschliche Stammzellen gehören zu den Hoffnungsträgern der Medizin. Ihre Gewinnung aus menschlichen Embryonen birgt jedoch ethische Probleme. Forscher versuchen daher, bereits erwachsene Zellen durch Reprogrammierung in Stammzellen zu verwandeln. Wie Wissenschaftler des Berliner Max-Planck-Instituts für molekulare Genetik jetzt zeigen konnten, beeinflusst dieser Prozess auch die Mitochondrien. Diese Zellorganellen besitzen eine eigene DNA und sind daher nicht von dem anfänglichen Reprogrammierungsprozess betroffen. Die Forscher konnten jedoch nachweisen, dass sich die Mitochondrien erwachsener Zellen im Zuge der Reprogrammierung ebenfalls verjüngen und sogar ihre äußere Form verändern.
Quelle: Pressemitteilungen – idw – Informationsdienst Wissenschaft

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Opportunity's Selfie

NASA's Mars Rover Opportunity catches its own late-afternoon shadow in this dramatically lit view eastward across Endeavour Crater on Mars. The rover used the panoramic camera (Pancam) between about 4:30 and 5:00 p.m. local Mars time to record images taken through different filters and combined into this mosaic view. Most of the component images were recorded during the 2,888th Martian day, or sol, of Opportunity's work on Mars (March 9, 2012). At that time, Opportunity was spending low-solar-energy weeks of the Martian winter at the Greeley Haven outcrop on the Cape York segment of Endeavour's western rim. In order to give the mosaic a rectangular aspect, some small parts of the edges of the mosaic and sky were filled in with parts of an image acquired earlier as part of a 360-degree panorama from the same location. Opportunity has been studying the western rim of Endeavour Crater since arriving there in August 2011. This crater spans 14 miles (22 kilometers) in diameter, or about the same area as the city of Seattle. This is more than 20 times wider than Victoria Crater, the largest impact crater that Opportunity had previously examined. The interior basin of Endeavour is in the upper half of this view. The mosaic combines about a dozen images taken through Pancam filters centered on wavelengths of 753 nanometers (near infrared), 535 nanometers (green) and 432 nanometers (violet). The view is presented in false color to make some differences between materials easier to see, such as the dark sandy ripples and dunes on the crater's distant floor. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell/Arizona State Univ.
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